噪声治理之增强墙壁的隔音特性

       一、一般民宅的承重墙用钢盘混凝土或实心砖的结构，有较好的隔音效果。问题多出在隔墙采用的轻型空心砖或灰胶纸板，隔音特性只有-25dB~-30dB。多数家庭影院的房间都有一至二堵墙面是这样的结构。

　　1. The structure of steel disc concrete or solid brick for load-bearing wall of common houses has better sound insulation effect. Most of the problems are light hollow bricks or glue cardboard used in partition walls. The sound insulation characteristics are only - 25dB ~ - 30dB. Most home theater rooms have one or two walls that are structured like this.

　　二、除了窗户和门之外，这是产生声音外泄严重地方。如不采取措施，空心砖中间的空气振动会引起墙壁共振，这种情形对音质十分不利。具体解决的办法有两种。一是拆掉原有墙壁，重新打造一堵隔音墙;二是保留原有的墙壁，增加一堵隔音墙。

　　2. Except for windows and doors, this is the most serious place for sound leakage. If no measures are taken, the air vibration in the middle of the hollow brick will cause wall resonance, which is very harmful to the sound quality. There are two specific solutions. One is to remove the original wall and rebuild a sound insulation wall; the other is to retain the original wall and add a sound insulation wall.

　　两种方法各有优劣。第一种方法是拆除原有的墙板，在两侧加装隔音板，并在其间塞满吸音棉，这种方案会有良好的效果。第二种方法是保留原有的隔墙，加装木龙骨，外贴装隔音板，构成一堵内中塞有吸音棉的隔音墙。这种方案新增了一堵墙壁，隔音特性比起前一种方案要好一些。但是，它的不足之处是使房间的宽度要减少数厘米。在公寓之类房间空间有限的场合，也许重新打造隔音墙的方法要妥当些。

　　Both methods have their advantages and disadvantages. The first method is to dismantle the original wallboard, install sound insulation board on both sides, and fill it with sound absorption cotton. This scheme will have a good effect. The second method is to retain the original partition wall, add wooden keel and mount sound insulation board outside to form a sound insulation wall stuffed with sound absorption cotton. This scheme adds a new wall and has better sound insulation than the previous one. However, its disadvantage is to reduce the width of the room by several centimeters. In the case of limited room space such as apartments, it may be appropriate to rebuild the sound insulation wall.

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